Ny lov og forskrift om register over reelle rettighetshavere

October 4, 2021

Norske selskaper og andre juridiske personer får plikt til å utarbeide et internt register over sine reelle rettighetshavere, det vil si de fysiske personene som står bak enheten. Senere vil det bli krav om registrering i Brønnøysund. 

Bilde av en stor skulptur i en by

Loven som ble vedtatt i februar 2019 har ikke trådt i kraft i påvente av tilhørende forskrift. Den 21. juni 2021 ble forskriften vedtatt, og deler av loven og deler av forskriften trer i kraft allerede 1. november 2021. 


Loven og forskriften skal bidra til at allmennheten, offentlige myndigheter og rapporteringspliktige etter hvitvaskingsloven får bedre tilgang på informasjon om eierskap og kontroll over norske selskaper og andre juridiske personer. Åpenhet om selskaper og andre juridiske konstruksjoner skal bidra til at de ikke kan misbrukes for ulovlige formål. Et tiltak er åpenhet om de fysiske personene som står bak juridiske konstruksjoner, kalt “reelle rettighetshavere”. 

 

Registreringspliktige, det vil si juridiske personer, enheter og andre sammenslutninger, samt forvaltere av utenlandske juridiske arrangementer skal innhente og lagre opplysninger om sine reelle rettighetshavere. Opplysningene skal registreres i et register som skal opprettes i Brønnøysund. Registeret skal være tilgjengelig for alle. Forskriften presiserer hvilke juridiske personer, enheter og andre sammenslutninger og forvaltere av utenlandske juridiske arrangementer som pålegges plikter. Det gjøres visse unntak, blant annet for børsnoterte foretak. Verdipapirfond opprettet i samsvar med verdipapirfondloven har unntak fra lov om register over reelle rettighetshavere. 


Fra 1. november må de registreringspliktige identifisere sine reelle rettighetshavere og innhente opplysninger om disse fysiske personene. Opplysningene omfatter navn, fødselsnummer eller D-nummer, bostedsland og statsborgerskap. Fremgangsmåten for å identifisere den enkelte reelle rettighetshaver må dokumenteres, herunder hvorfor og på hvilket grunnlag personen er å anse som reell rettighetshaver. Opplysningene må holdes oppdatert og lagres internt hos den registreringspliktige. De reelle rettighetshaverne og andre relevante enheter har opplysningsplikt til den registreringspliktige. 


Registeret i Brønnøysund er foreløpig ikke etablert og kravet til registrering i offentlig register trer ikke i kraft nå. Det er ikke kjent når det vil skje. 


En reell rettighetshaver er en fysisk person som oppfyller ett eller flere av følgende kriterier: 


  • Eier mer enn 25 prosent av eierandelene i den registreringspliktige. 
  • Direkte eller indirekte kan stemme for mer enn 25 prosent av stemmerettighetene i den registreringspliktige, i tilfeller der fordelingen av stemmerettigheter avviker fra eierandelene. 
  • Direkte eller indirekte kan utpeke eller avsette mer enn halvparten av den juridiske personens eller sammenslutningens styremedlemmer eller tilsvarende. 
  • På annen måte enn angitt i punktene over utøver kontroll over den registreringspliktige. 

 

En fysisk person har indirekte kontroll når vedkommende direkte eller gjennom andre juridiske personer, enheter, sammenslutninger eller arrangementer, har rett til å stemme for halvparten eller mer av stemmerettighetene, eller utpeke eller avsette halvparten eller mer av styremedlemmene eller tilsvarende, i juridiske personer, enheter, sammenslutninger eller arrangementer som alene eller til sammen innehar nevnte posisjoner i registreringspliktig. Forskriften gir utfyllende regler om hva som må dokumenteres. 


Ta gjerne kontakt med oss vedrørende disse nye reglene. Vi kan bistå med implementeringen. 


Kontakt: 

Marianne Normann (mn@permian.no /+47 416 92662) eller Susanne Berge Hansen (sbh@permian.no / 975 21 191) 

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